Vitamin B12
Cognitive Booster
- Supports cognitive function
- Protects the nervous system
- May increase energy metabolism
- Important for vegetarians and vegans
- Recommended for senior citizens
Vegan
Vegetarian
Gluten-Free
Non-GMOVitamin B12 is an essential vitamin found almost exclusively in animal-based foods. It is important for the brain, nervous system and energy metabolism, so deficiencies (common in vegetarians, vegans and elderly who digest meat less easily) can lead to low energy and foggy thinking.
Since Vitamin B12 is found almost exclusively in animal proteins, our B12 includes folate that aids protein synthesis to help ensure you are getting the most out of each supplement.
| Product Type: 1 Vegetarian Capsule Dosage: 300mcg |
Folate (as L-5-Methyltetrahydrofolate calcium salt) and Vitamin B12 (as methylcobalamin). Other ingreditents: microcrystalline cellulose, dicalcium phosphate, vegetable cellulose (capsule).
milk, eggs, fish, shellfish, tree nuts, peanuts, wheat or soybeans
Vitamin B12 aids memory and regulation of the nervous system.[1] A Vitamin B12 deficiency can cause a variety of absorption problems in the stomach.[2] [3] Some of these are autoimmune pernicious anaemia (an autoimmune condition that affects your stomach, causing it to attack the cells in your stomach that produce a protein that binds with Vitamin B12, making your body unable to absorb Vitamin B12 anymore),[4] [5] chronic pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas that eventually leads to the breakdown of the structure, preventing your body from naturally producing insulin),[6] [7] indigestion, Celiac (an autoimmune disorder where ingestion of gluten leads to damage in the small intestine) and Crohn’s disease (an inflammatory bowel disease that can affect any part of the gasto-intestinal tract from mouth to anus).[8] [9] This is due to a decreased ability to dissociate B12 from meat products during digestion.
In a 2006 study that lasted two years, seniors in Eastern Europe were given immediate and delayed recall, verbal fluency and letter search tests before and after taking Vitamin B12 and serum folate to examine their effect upon cognitive performance. There was a positive correlation of high Vitamin B12 levels with higher scores on verbal fluency and word recall.[10]
In another study that examined a cohort between the ages 72 to 83 who took Vitamin B12, a deficiency led to greater insensitivity to light, touch and a worse nerve condition.[11]
Research Score: Strong
There is preliminary evidence that Vitamin B12 reduces stress and inflammation through increasing oxidative metabolism, the process by which your body uses oxygen to convert carbohydrates into energy, which may increase energy storage and allow nerve impulses to move more quickly.[12]
Research Score: Promising
1. Screening for vitamin B-12 and folate deficiency in older persons, Robert Clarke Helga Refsum Jacqueline Birks John Grimley Evans Carole Johnston Paul Sherliker Per M Ueland Joern Schneede Joseph McPartlin Ebba Nexo John M Scott, The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Volume 77, Issue 5, 1 May 2003, Pages 1241–1247
2. Green PH, et al. Mechanisms underlying celiac disease and its neurologic manifestations . Cell Mol Life Sci. (2005)
3. Lambert D, et al. Crohn's disease and vitamin B12 metabolism . Dig Dis Sci. (1996)
4. Andres E, Serraj K. Optimal management of pernicious anemia . J Blood Med. (2012)
5. Screening for vitamin B-12 and folate deficiency in older persons, Robert Clarke Helga Refsum Jacqueline Birks John Grimley Evans Carole Johnston Paul Sherliker Per M Ueland Joern Schneede Joseph McPartlin Ebba Nexo John M Scott, The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Volume 77, Issue 5, 1 May 2003, Pages 1241–1247
6. Glasbrenner B, et al. Vitamin B12 and folic acid deficiency in chronic pancreatitis: a relevant disorder . Klin Wochenschr. (1991)
7. Girish BN, et al. Chronic pancreatitis is associated with hyperhomocysteinemia and derangements in transsulfuration and transmethylation pathways . Pancreas. (2010)
8. O'Leary F, Samman S. Vitamin B12 in health and disease . Nutrients. (2010)
9. Dali-Youcef N, Andrès E. An update on cobalamin deficiency in adults . QJM. (2009)
10. Serum folate, vitamin B-12 and cognitive function in middle and older age: The HAPIEE study.
Horvat P, Gardiner J, Kubinova R, Pajak A, Tamosiunas A, Schöttker B, Pikhart H, Peasey A, Jansen E, Bobak M., Experimental gerontology, 2016
11. Relationship between vitamin B12 and sensory and motor peripheral nerve function in older adults.
Leishear K, Boudreau RM, Studenski SA, Ferrucci L, Rosano C, de Rekeneire N, Houston DK, Kritchevsky SB, Schwartz AV, Vinik AI, Hogervorst E, Yaffe K, Harris TB, Newman AB, Strotmeyer ES; Health, Aging and Body Composition Study., Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 2012
12. The Effect of a High-Dose Vitamin B Multivitamin Supplement on the Relationship between Brain Metabolism and Blood Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress: A Randomized Control Trial., Ford TC, Downey LA, Simpson T, McPhee G, Oliver C, Stough C.
(accessed 20 March 2019)
13. Health effects of vegan diets, Winston J Craig, The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2009
14. Nutritional Update for Physicians: Plant-Based Diets, Tuso PJ, Ismail MH, Ha BP, Bartolotto C., The Permanente Journal, 2013
15. Vitamin B12 - Dietary Supplement Fact Sheet, Office of dietary supplements, National Institutes of Health, 2016