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蔬菜歐米茄 | Alixir Life

蔬菜歐米茄

人體必需的脂肪酸

  • 促進血液循環和心臟健康
  • 支持懷孕和幼兒
  • 減輕某些類型的關節痛
  • 支持眼部健康
  • 有助於長期的腦部功能

總覽

  • 非轉基因
  • 無麩質
  • 素食
  • 純素食

Omega 3脂肪酸(具體來說是EPADHA)對於我們的心臟、大腦、關節和眼睛都非常重要,但是許多人飲食中的攝取量不足。研究顯示,定期食用Omega 3油的人比不食用Omega 3油的人的心臟病發生率更低。[1][2][3] 歐米加3脂肪酸占我們大腦很大的一部分,對正常的大腦功能是至關重要的。[4] 它們也是嬰兒生長發育所必需的重要脂肪酸[5],因此建議孕婦或哺乳期婦女使用。此外,歐米茄3可以起到消炎作用,並減輕風濕性關節炎和與工作有關的關節痛的疼痛。它還可以減少與年齡有關的黃斑變性的風險,並預防眼部乾燥。

我們的蔬菜Omega 3來自藻類,藻類是使用飲用水在陸地上生長的,在海洋之外,因此不含有害毒素。 這使其成為魚油的絕佳植物基替代品。

雖然可以在亞麻籽和大麻蛋白中找到Omega 3,但僅靠它補充是不足夠的,因為在這些來源中可攝取的Omega 3是α-亞麻酸(ALA),它必須由身體將其轉換為可用形式,而這種轉換的比例非常低。然而,藻類中發現的DHA是Omega 3最高生物有效率的形式(我們的身體最容易吸收的形式),補充它可以「顯著增強(血清和血小板的)DHA狀態」和「促進大量EPA的形成。」[6]

產品形式:1個軟膠囊
劑量:200毫克

成分

DHA(二十二碳六烯酸)[源自藻類],非轉基因玉米澱粉、純淨水、植物甘油、角叉菜膠、山梨醇、檸檬油、生育酚、二氧化矽;少於1%的物質:低芥酸菜子油、迷迭香提取物、抗壞血酸。(全部來自非動物源)

不含

牛奶、雞蛋、魚類、貝類、小麥、大豆和防腐劑

研究概述

  • 促進血液循環和心臟健康
    研究顯示,經常食用Omega 3油的人患心臟病的比率較低。[7] [8] [9]這可能是由於Omega 3脂肪酸增加了良好的膽固醇,降低了甘油三酸酯的水平(高水平的甘油三酯會增加患心臟病的風險),控制血壓並防止斑塊堆積(導致動脈和中風阻塞)。[10] [11] [12] [13]  這就是為什麼美國衛生與公眾服務部和美國心臟協會建議人們每週食用兩份魚,以獲得足夠的Omega 3脂肪酸。[14] [15] 如果無法這麼做,便應考慮服用魚油的保健產品。   研究評分:非常可靠
  • 有助於長期的腦部功能
    儘管有關Omega 3和心理健康的研究混雜在一起,但有可信的研究顯示它可以改善兒童的記憶力,減輕兒童多動症的症狀、[16]增加大腦容量,並減慢老年人的認知能力下降。[17] [18] [19]   說明性研究   記憶力 在一項雙盲,安慰劑對照和隨機的研究中,485人在進行配對聯想學習(PAL),記憶力和視覺空間學習測試之前,服用了900mg Omega 3或安慰劑。 服用Omega 3的組別在PAL測試中表現更好,即時和延遲的口頭記憶得分更高,但工作記憶或執行功能並沒有改善。[20]     多動症 在一項針對多動症兒童的隨機對照研究中,一組服用EPA(一種Omega-3脂肪酸),另一組服用安慰劑15週。 老師和他們的父母評估了孩子們的表現。 EPA參加小組的行為評分比他們的老師高,但父母的評分並不相同。 與血液中EPA濃度較高的兒童相比,血液中EPA濃度較低的兒童對治療的反應更好。[21]     大腦容量 一項研究檢查了1500多名沒有癡呆症的人的紅細胞脂肪酸水平。 研究發現,處於紅細胞DHA(Omega-3脂肪酸)水平最低的四分之一的人具有較高的白質高密度(大腦病變)和較小的大腦體積。 研究還發現,DHA水平較低的人在抽象思維,執行功能和視覺記憶方面的表現不如水平較高的人。[22]   另一項不同的研究得出的結論是,DHA水平較高的人除了能夠更好地適應變化之外,在非語言推理,工作記憶和詞彙方面也表現更好。 但是,它也清楚地表明EPA的含量不會影響認知能力。[23]     老年人和阿爾茨海默氏病的認知能力下降 在2005年,一項研究評估了Omega 3對65歲及以上人群認知能力下降的影響。 研究發現,魚類食用與年齡增長導致的認知能力下降較慢有關。[24]   2008年下半年,另一項研究檢查了Omega 3對阿爾茨海默氏症和輕度認知障礙患者的影響。 結論是1800毫克的Omega 3和較高的EPA攝取量提升患有輕度認知障礙的人更好的認知能力,但對阿爾茨海默氏症患者沒有影響。[25]     研究評分:可靠
  • 支持懷孕和幼兒
    母乳喂養和懷孕的媽媽補充Omega 3與改善嬰兒視網膜和大腦發育有關。[26] [27]這就是為什麼美國食品藥品監督管理局建議孕婦和幼兒應多吃魚類。[28]  
    說明性研究
    在1993年的一項隨機的對照試驗中,嬰兒被分為兩組。 一組餵魚油,另一組不餵。 研究得出的結論是,視覺能力與DHA(一種Omega-3脂肪酸)的添加呈正比關係。[29]此外,2013年對最新研究的評論指出,「提供大量DHA補充劑,尤其是對最小的嬰兒,與早期生命的神經功能改善有關」。[30] 還有可信的證據顯示,Omega 3可以延長體重正常的女性的生殖窗,儘管並不適用於BMI大於30的女性。[31]一項2016年的臨床試驗測試了補充Omega 3是否可以改變育齡婦女的生殖激素,並得出結論,補充Omega 3確實延長了生殖壽命,儘管還需要對試圖減少卵巢衰老,卵巢儲備減少的婦女進行進一步的測試。[32]   研究評分:可靠
  • 減輕某些類型的關節痛
    對Omega 3的研究顯示,由於它對軟骨具有抗炎作用,因此可以減輕關節疼痛。[33]一項研究發現,它可以減輕類風濕關節炎和與工作有關的關節痛(而不是與疾病有關的疼痛,如骨關節炎或風濕病)。[34]   第二項持續了12個月、雙盲、安慰劑對照的研究發現,每天服用2600毫克Omega 3的人的關節痛比服用安慰劑的少。而測試者在服用魚油補充劑後必須減少使用抗風濕的藥物。[35]   Research Score: Strong
  • 支持眼部健康
    乾眼症 多項研究顯示,魚油可舒緩乾眼症。[36]2016年的一項研究發現,即使患者剛進行了白內障手術,魚油(包含Omega-3脂肪酸)也能減輕症狀。[37] 另一項研究檢查了每天看電腦屏幕超過3個小時的人,發現魚油可減輕乾眼症並減少眼淚蒸發。[38]實際上,美國眼科學院在一項臨床研究中發現,歐米茄3減輕了乾眼症的症狀,增加了淚液分泌的速度並降低了淚液蒸發的速度。[39]   年齡相關性黃斑變性   2006年的一項研究檢查了與年齡有關的黃斑變性的遺傳和環境危險的因素。它通過食物日記,危險因素問卷調查和眼睛檢查,對681對雙胞胎進行了調查。與不吸煙者相比,吸煙者患黃斑變性的機率幾乎是原來的兩倍,增加魚的攝取量可以降低黃斑變性的機率。[40]   視網膜保護 儘管有很多研究顯示攝取魚油後,老鼠的視網膜幾乎完全獲得保護[41] [42] [43] [44] [45] [46],但只有一些研究關於它對人類的影響。[47] [48] 因此,儘管人類的視網膜很可能獲得同樣程度的保護,但有必要做進一步的研究證明。   研究評分:可靠
  • 腦部
    對於被診斷患有嚴重抑鬱症的患者,魚油可以顯著減低症狀,達到類似于氟西汀等一些處方藥嘅水平。 然而,目前還未清楚魚油可減低未被診斷為嚴重抑鬱症的患者的症狀, 需要更多的研究測試魚油對輕微抑鬱者的影響。[49]     研究評分: 看好
  • 腦部
    1. He K, Song Y, Daviglus ML, et al. Accumulated evidence on fish consumption and coronary heart disease mortality: a meta-analysis of cohort studies. Circulation. 2004;109(22):2705-11. 2. Kromhout D, Bosschieter EB, De lezenne coulander C. The inverse relation between fish consumption and 20-year mortality from coronary heart disease. N Engl J Med. 1985;312(19):1205-9. 3. Chowdhury, R., Stevens, S., Gorman, D., Pan, A., Warnakula, S., Chowdhury, S., Ward, H., Johnson, L., Crowe, F., Hu, F. and Franco, O. (2018). Association between fish consumption, long chain omega 3 fatty acids, and risk of cerebrovascular disease: systematic review and meta-analysis. [online] PubMed Health. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0049617/ [Accessed 21 Jul. 2018]. 4. Bazinet RP, Layé S. Polyunsaturated fatty acids and their metabolites in brain function and disease. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2014;15(12):771-85. 5. Simopoulos AP. Omega-3 fatty acids in health and disease and in growth and development. Am J Clin Nutr. 1991;54(3):438-63. 6. Conquer JA, Holub BJ. Supplementation with an algae source of docosahexaenoic acid increases (n-3) fatty acid status and alters selected risk factors for heart disease in vegetarian subjects . J Nutr. (1996) 7. He K, Song Y, Daviglus ML, et al. Accumulated evidence on fish consumption and coronary heart disease mortality: a meta-analysis of cohort studies. Circulation. 2004;109(22):2705-11. 9. Chowdhury, R., Stevens, S., Gorman, D., Pan, A., Warnakula, S., Chowdhury, S., Ward, H., Johnson, L., Crowe, F., Hu, F. and Franco, O. (2018). Association between fish consumption, long chain omega 3 fatty acids, and risk of cerebrovascular disease: systematic review and meta-analysis. [online] PubMed Health. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0049617/  [Accessed 21 Jul. 2018]. 10. Warner JG, Ullrich IH, Albrink MJ, Yeater RA. Combined effects of aerobic exercise and omega-3 fatty acids in hyperlipidemic persons. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1989;21(5):498-505. 11. Oelrich B, Dewell A, Gardner CD. Effect of fish oil supplementation on serum triglycerides, LDL cholesterol and LDL subfractions in hypertriglyceridemic adults. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2013;23(4):350-7. 12. Minihane AM, Armah CK, Miles EA, et al. Consumption of Fish Oil Providing Amounts of Eicosapentaenoic Acid and Docosahexaenoic Acid That Can Be Obtained from the Diet Reduces Blood Pressure in Adults with Systolic Hypertension: A Retrospective Analysis. J Nutr. 2016;146(3):516-23. 13. Din JN, Archer RM, Harding SA, et al. Effect of ?-3 fatty acid supplementation on endothelial function, endogenous fibrinolysis and platelet activation in male cigarette smokers. Heart. 2013;99(3):168-74. 14. US Department of Health and Human Services and US Department of Agriculture. 2015–2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans. 8th ed. Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office; 2015, AHA SCIENCE ADVISORY, ‘Seafood Long-Chain n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Cardiovascular Disease A Science Advisory From the American Heart Association’, Circulation. 2018;138:e35–e47, https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1161/CIR.0000000000000574 (accessed 20 Feb 2019) 15. Fish and Omega-3 Fatty Acids, American Heart Association®, American Heart Association®, 2015 16. https://examine.com/supplements/fish-oil/#hem-adhd-in-children 17. https://examine.com/supplements/fish-oil/#hem-cognitive-decline 18. Morris MC, Evans DA, Tangney CC, Bienias JL, Wilson RS. Fish consumption and cognitive decline with age in a large community study. Arch Neurol. 2005;62(12):1849-53. 19. Thomas J, Thomas CJ, Radcliffe J, Itsiopoulos C. Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Early Prevention of Inflammatory Neurodegenerative Disease: A Focus on Alzheimer’s Disease. BioMed Research International. 2015;2015:172801. doi:10.1155/2015/172801. 20. Beneficial effects of docosahexaenoic acid on cognition in age-related cognitive decline. Yurko-Mauro K, McCarthy D, Rom D, Nelson EB, Ryan AS, Blackwell A, Salem N Jr, Stedman M; MIDAS Investigators., Alzheimer's & dementia: the journal of the alzheimer's association., 2010 21. EPA supplementation improves teacher-rated behaviour and oppositional symptoms in children with ADHD., Gustafsson PA, Birberg-Thornberg U, Duchén K, Landgren M, Malmberg K, Pelling H, Strandvik B, Karlsson T., Acta Paediatrica, 2010 22. Red blood cell ω-3 fatty acid levels and markers of accelerated brain aging. Tan ZS, Harris WS, Beiser AS, Au R, Himali JJ, Debette S, Pikula A, Decarli C, Wolf PA, Vasan RS, Robins SJ, Seshadri S., Neurology, 2012 23. Serum phospholipid docosahexaenonic acid is associated with cognitive functioning during middle adulthood., Muldoon MF, Ryan CM, Sheu L, Yao JK, Conklin SM, Manuck SB., The journal of nutrition, 2010 24. Morris MC, Evans DA, Tangney CC, Bienias JL, Wilson RS. Fish consumption and cognitive decline with age in a large community study. Arch Neurol. 2005;62(12):1849-53. 25. The effects of omega-3 fatty acids monotherapy in Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment: a preliminary randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study., Chiu CC, Su KP, Cheng TC, Liu HC, Chang CJ, Dewey ME, Stewart R, Huang SY., Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology and biological psychiatry, 2008 26. Simopoulos AP. Omega-3 fatty acids in health and disease and in growth and development. Am J Clin Nutr. 1991;54(3):438-63. 27. Eilander A, Hundscheid DC, Osendarp SJ, Transler C, Zock PL. Effects of n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation on visual and cognitive development throughout childhood: a review of human studies. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2007;76(4):189-203. 28. ‘New Advice: Pregnant Women and Young Children Should Eat More Fish’, Federal Drug Administration, FDA News Release 2014, https://www.fda.gov/ForConsumers/ConsumerUpdates/ucm397443.htm (accessed March 7 2019) 29. Carlson SE, Werkman SH, Rhodes PG, Tolley EA. Visual-acuity development in healthy preterm infants: effect of marine-oil supplementation. Am J Clin Nutr. 1993;58(1):35-42. 30. Lapillonne A, Groh-Wargo S, Gonzalez CH, Uauy R., Lipid needs of preterm infants: updated recommendations., J Pediatr. 2013 Mar;162(3 Suppl):S37-47 31. Nehra D, Le HD, Fallon EM, Carlson SJ, Woods D, White YA, Pan AH, Guo L, Rodig SJ, Tilly JL, Rueda BR, Puder M., Prolonging the female reproductive lifespan and improving egg quality with dietary omega-3 fatty acids., Aging Cell. 2012 Dec;11(6):1046-54 32. Al-Safi ZA, Liu H, Carlson NE, Chosich J, Harris M, Bradford AP, Robledo C, Eckel RH, Polotsky AJ., Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation Lowers Serum FSH in Normal Weight But Not Obese Women., J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2016 Jan;101(1):324-33 33. n-3 fatty acids specifically modulate catabolic factors involved in articular cartilage degradation. Curtis CL, Hughes CE, Flannery CR, Little CB, Harwood JL, Caterson B., The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2000 Goldberg RJ, Katz J. A meta-analysis of the analgesic effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation for inflammatory joint pain . Pain. (2007), https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17335973 (accessed 20 Feb 2019) 35. Long-term effect of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation in active rheumatoid arthritis. A 12-month, double-blind, controlled study., Geusens P, Wouters C, Nijs J, Jiang Y, Dequeker J., Arthritis and Rheumatism, 1994 36. A randomized controlled trial of omega-3 fatty acids in dry eye syndrome Bhargava R, Kumar P, Kumar M, Mehra N and Mishra A, International journal of ophthalmology, 2013 37. Effects of adjuvant omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on dry eye syndrome following cataract surgery: A randomized clinical trial, Mohammadpour M, Mehrabi S, Hassanpoor N, Mirshahi R., Journal of Current Ophthalmology, 2016 38. Oral omega-3 fatty acids treatment in computer vision syndrome related dry eye. Bhargava R, Kumar P, Phogat H, Kaur A, Kumar M., Contact lens & anterior eye, 2015 39. Short-term Consumption of Oral Omega-3 and Dry Eye Syndrome Kangari H, Eftekhari MH, Sardari S, Hashemi H, Salamzadeh J, Ghassemi-Broumand M, Khabazkhoob M., Ophthalmology, 2013 40. Cigarette smoking, fish consumption, omega-3 fatty acid intake, and associations with age-related macular degeneration: the US Twin Study of Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Seddon JM, George S, Rosner B., JAMA Ophthalmology, 2006 41. SanGiovanni JP, Chew EY. The role of omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in health and disease of the retina. Prog Retin Eye Res. (2005) 42. Bazan NG. Neuroprotectin D1 (NPD1): a DHA-derived mediator that protects brain and retina against cell injury-induced oxidative stress. Brain Pathol. (2005) 43. Futterman S, Kupfer C. The fatty acid composition of the retinal vasculature of normal and diabetic human eyes. Invest Ophthalmol. (1968) 44. Tikhonenko M, et al. N-3 polyunsaturated Fatty acids prevent diabetic retinopathy by inhibition of retinal vascular damage and enhanced endothelial progenitor cell reparative function. PLoS One. (2013) 45. Kang JX, et al. Transgenic mice: fat-1 mice convert n-6 to n-3 fatty acids. Nature. (2004) 46. Connor KM, et al. Increased dietary intake of omega-3-polyunsaturated fatty acids reduces pathological retinal angiogenesis. Nat Med. (2007) 47. Opreanu M, et al. The unconventional role of acid sphingomyelinase in regulation of retinal microangiopathy in diabetic human and animal models. Diabetes. (2011) 48. Decsi T, et al. Polyunsaturated fatty acids in plasma and erythrocyte membrane lipids of diabetic children. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. (2002) 49. https://examine.com/supplements/fish-oil/#hem-depression

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